Part of Mark Verber's The Great Outdoors Pages
[Very preliminary... this page hasn't been populated yet with information]
Weather conditions can vary widely. My recommendation is to be prepared to be comfortable in the normal rage of conditions you expect, and safe (but maybe uncomfortable) in the conditions you think are possible. Understanding, and preparing for environmental conditions is critical to surviving in the back country.
Weather reports. Limitations there in.
Back country instrumentation data
Understanding impact of elevation: The air temp drops 5.8 degrees D per 1000 feet until it hits the dew point temperature. After that, condensation of water vapor causes the temp to drop at the slower rate of 3.6 degrees.
Meadows
Trees
Lakes
Passes
Valleys
Ridgelines
What you can learn from Barometric Pressure
Cloud Formations
Estimating Wind Speed
Stay Safe in Lightning: More that 2x the number of men are killed by lightning. Why? Because they don't have as much common sense as women and think "Ah... what are the odds that lightning will hit me?" Well, the number of people killed in the US by lighting is significantly higher than the number of people who die due to snake bites.
Thermometers
Portable Weather Instruments
Barometers / Altimeters
There are lots of good web sites other there